The hardware is the easy part! Its a matter of reading the datasheets of the two parts to see if they will mate. Then there's the software to driver the usb interface AND then there's the code to talk to the printer. Many inkjet printers are quite dumb and require the host to do most of the work to generate the image. It is usually more involved than the old dot matrix printers that you just sent characters to. And each manufacturer does things differently.

So I would suggest you investigate which printer you wish to use and look into how it communicates. There are programs available that will capture the usb data on the PC - this should give you an idea of what is involved.