Short answer: No, no such protocols.

Long answer: Each manufacturer has their own protocol for serial PROGRAMMING of their chips (sometimes even a few protocols for different chips, sometimes even different protocols for different revisions of the same chip. (Yuck!)

As to runtime, there's no protocols unless you implement them in hardware.

You don't really have to have a protocol as such. If the speed isn't needed to be awfully high, you can send address from PC, wait for answer. Micro receives address, performs conversion, sends unmarked result back - PC doesn't send another address until it receives data from the previous one.