turbo C compiler is a c compiler for the PCs, while for microcontrollers you need a cross compiler.
Once at my work I had to use borland C++ builder 4.0 to simulate Atmel chip, wrote my program on it. Usually big compilers have excellent debugging capabilitis like viewing variables and structures that can never be paralleled by a small microcontroller cross compiler.
After you make sure your code is working properly you compile it again with your 8052 compiler like keil or IAR etc, use the simulator to verify again then get your hex code and program it to the chip.
Mahmood