thanks all.

it is not a question of error of 2-3%.
it is error of (24000000-2396000) clock cycles every second, and tranmission rate of say 4800 bits per second.

it depends on how does a controller optimise about the crystal frequency, the division factor and drifts in crystal frequencies because of change in physical condition.

timer-2, itself is not of any use.
the values are always fractions.

has anybody of U have actually used the 89c52 with crystals not having exact frequencies as required.

phillips provide controllers which have max freq upto 33mhz. but i am surprised that none of the crystal's frequencies
available in commercial market actually match the exact requirement execpt for 18.32 and 11.0592 etc, not on higher side atleast.

pl help
thanks