"But the 158H is 9 bits, since the acc is only 8 bits I am not sure how to read all 9 bits."

This has nothing to do with bit-banging per se; it's a general question of handling objects bigger than 8 bits in any application!

As with anything bigger than 8 bits (eg, 16-bit maths) you have to divide it into 8-bit "chunks"

eg, consider 158H as 2 bytes: MSB=01H and LSB=58H;
Your match occurs only if your received MSB=01H and the receiced MSB=58H

The same principle applies for any test of any arbitrary number of bits!

In fact, in general, the same principle applies to doing any comparison bigger than the machine word size on any processor