I will use either of these:

1. 7.2V Sony InfoLithium battery;<7.2V>
2. 9V Rechargable Ni-Cd battery;<8.4V>
3. 6x 1.2V AA size rechargable cells, in series;<7.2V>
4. 6v rechargable acid-Lead battery;<6V>
5. 2x 4V Lithium batt of mobile phone, in series.<8V>

to make a DC 5V for:
1x AT89C52
2x AT89C2051
6x LM386
2x LM339
1x CD4584


Hallo Stanley,

first, you should try to decrease current consumption, if possible. As I told you formerly LM386 is no good choice for your photodiode amplifier! Current consumption is about 4...8mA per chip, means up to 48mA for your application!!!
Choose LM324, as I recommended to you. Total current consumption then is only 1.8mA maximum!

What about clock frequency of AT89C52 and AT89C2051? Decrease clock frequency to the allowed minimum. This will also save much supply current!

Second, supply voltage for LM324 (formerly LM386) and LM339 need not necessarily stabilized. With suited design, you can have them running with battery voltage, while at interface to microcontrollers there could either be a voltage divider or open collector stages. Like LM339: At outputs is an open collector transistor. Connect pull-up resistor to +5V and everything is fine.

Third, perhaps high quality voltage regulation is not essential? Then, you could use older regulator design with zenerdiode and NPN transistor.

As I know how difficult it is for you to buy special chips, I would not recommend you LDO regulator or even some switcher. More, both these regulator families are bit complicate to use...

Good luck,
Kai