Dear David Lewis,

The answer of your question is "YES" you can do that with standard 8051/52. Every standard 8051/52 has 4x 8bit ports. You can use two of them 8bit x 8bit = 64 junctions (keys). That will form 64keys keyboard matrix. One 8 bit port for LCD data bus and you would need to borrow 3 pins from another port for LCD control signals. You will still have 5 port pins available which you may use for Serial communications and for External Interrupt etc.

If you find shortage of port pins you may use 4bit mode for LCD and you can save 4 port pins.

Goodluck

Rauf