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???
10/25/05 12:15
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#102898 - Of course, but...
Responding to: ???'s previous message
Andy said:
I believe that the elimination of lead from gasoline in the US has greatly contributed to improved air quality and a reduction in respiratory illnesses. This change, as costly as it was to implement, clearly was the right thing to do.

Of course, of course! Eliminating lead contamination from gasoline only works with eliminating it from gasoline itself. But with solder different ways are possible to prevent lead from contaminating our environment. Just to prohibit it isn't a good idea, unless lead free solder can be handled reliably.

Besides the bad effects Steve already stated (e.g. whiskering), I will only mention one problematic issue here:
"Normally, thermal expansion rates for epoxy encapsulant and metal leadframe materials are linear and remain fairly close at temperatures approching 160°C. At lower temperatures the difference in expansion rate of the two materials is not great enough to cause interface separation. However, when the package reaches the glass-transition temperature of epoxy (typically 160-165°C), the thermal expansion rate of the encapsulant increases sharply, and the material undergoes a transition into a plastic state. The epoxy begins to expand at a rate three times or more greater than the metal leadframe, causing a separation at interface.
When this happens process residues and even solder can enter the cavity created by the separation and become entrapped when the material cools. These contaminants can eventually diffuse into the interior of the package, especially in the presence of moisture. The result is die contamination, excessive leakage, and even catastrophic failure. Unfortunately, electrical tests performed immediately following soldering process may not detect potential flaws."
So far, from an application note from National Semiconductors.

It's a well proven matter of fact, that failure rate increases with the time period (and over-temperature!) SMD-packages are exposed to temperatures higher than glass-transition temperature. As long as epoxy encapsulation material cannot be trimmed to show higher glass-transition temperature, which is the situation right now as far as I know, using lead free solder with its drastically higher melting point presents a big problem!

Kai

List of 38 messages in thread
TopicAuthorDate
Lead free solder a pain in the bum?            01/01/70 00:00      
   Mixing            01/01/70 00:00      
      visual clues            01/01/70 00:00      
         visual inspection            01/01/70 00:00      
            Then why Lead Free?            01/01/70 00:00      
               better with 63/ 37            01/01/70 00:00      
                  hmmm            01/01/70 00:00      
                  63/37 Solder.            01/01/70 00:00      
                     State change            01/01/70 00:00      
               regulation            01/01/70 00:00      
                  RoHS            01/01/70 00:00      
      Lead-free + Leaded            01/01/70 00:00      
         more info            01/01/70 00:00      
   It's a disaster to forbid lead in solder            01/01/70 00:00      
      Interesting statistic            01/01/70 00:00      
         Lead in batteries, lead in electronics.            01/01/70 00:00      
            SIlicone            01/01/70 00:00      
      Exemptions            01/01/70 00:00      
         Aging            01/01/70 00:00      
            worse            01/01/70 00:00      
               where is the difference            01/01/70 00:00      
                  no difference.            01/01/70 00:00      
   thanks to the engineerinmg profession, a            01/01/70 00:00      
      But...            01/01/70 00:00      
         lead-free solder            01/01/70 00:00      
            carts and horses            01/01/70 00:00      
               Of course, but...            01/01/70 00:00      
         another time bomb            01/01/70 00:00      
            badly soldered?            01/01/70 00:00      
               tin disease            01/01/70 00:00      
   An additional, overlooked problem            01/01/70 00:00      
      Law of Preservation of Filth            01/01/70 00:00      
         PErhaps            01/01/70 00:00      
            Myth            01/01/70 00:00      
               "man does not pollute, men do"            01/01/70 00:00      
                  Oh yea ?            01/01/70 00:00      
                     polution            01/01/70 00:00      
            Far more serious issue here            01/01/70 00:00      

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