3 possibilities
1) you do not properly strobe the HC4094 (when referring to chips, PLEASE include the letters, googling on the number only is a mess). This could be your strobe being "the wrong way around" - YES that "works" - or permanently leaving the gate open.

2) your multiplexing is too slow.

3) the update is not synchronized with the multiplexing

I would check in the above order

Erik