Having 16 outputs that should be either 0V or 5V is easy. It is just a digital output from a chip supplied from 5V. Possibly buffered by a buffer chip or transistors if you need more power.

But the need for buffering can't be known, unless you tell what the outputs are expected to be used for. That affects their need for short-circuit-protection, or protection for over- or undervolages, ...

Having 16 analog inputs is something else. Most microcontrollers have 1, 2, 4 or maybe 8 analog inputs. Some may even have 12, but the availability of a microcontroller with 16 ADC inputs is quite low. To my knowledge, Silabs are the only ones.

But it isn't enough to specify that you need 16 ADC, you also need to specify number of bits of resolution, and the voltage range they should measure. Is it between 0 and 5V, as your example seem to imply?

Not only do you need to specify the input voltage range, but also what type of sensors you will connect, so it can be known if they are extremely high-impedive (requiring analog buffering) or if there may be a need for other adaptations.

Another thing. I don't know how many times you write about bubble sort. Are you 100% sure that you need/want bubble sort? A customer normally only specify what should be done, not how, unless the "how" is important.

How do you know that you need a bubble sort, and not insertion sort, quicksort, radix sort, heapsort, ...?