Dear Payam ,

as far as i know if you insist in using a big input capacitor like 4700uf ,you have to use a SERIES resistor along your input voltage or some kind of soft start circuit.
using a seried resistor you will make a current limit for your circuit and along this unfortunaley you will have a voltage drop along this resisot (Rs),bigger the resistor be ,biger the voltage drop will be.
please look at these schematics :

in the circuit number 1 there is no current limiting scheme , so in theory you can draw infinite current, so if you connect a huge power source (like a battery with low internal resistance) to your board as Kai said the 4700uf capacitor will behave (in t=0+) like a .05 ohm resistor and will draw up to 100 A !
(until charging up to 63% of the cap ?) ,so the PC power suplly feels a short circuit.
to fix this you can add an input resistor to increase this low impedance maybe up to .1 ohm. (circuit number 2)
so you limit the current,but this way you lose some of your 5v swing,in eg. if you draw 30 amperes for logic you will lose up to 3 volts !
the circuit number 3 is the one you mentioned that your friend has suggested to you, i didn't see any improvment in the field of 'curent limited start up' ,because you just increased your total load ,see the number 4 circuit ,this is the toatl load after connecting a 10k resistor along the 4700uf capacitor.

as Kai saied the best thing that serves your need would be a soft start.
anyway if you are using the 5v only for your logic supply,i will wonder if the logic consumption would be more than 10-20 Amperes ,in such a situations, i use some lowdrop out Diodes in parallel ,seried along input line (see the below schematic),this will lower huge current loads and will drop about .3v off of input voltage ,but this WOULD NOT be a good option for you.
i use this scheme for the boards that their logic draw up to 4 ampere .

and PC power supplys are not guranteed to deliver 30 A at 5v even the ones who rated 400W ,for the supplys that we found here (in Iran) i suggest you not to draw more than 60% of the ratings.
Also even using the 'good quality' supplys that is available here ,you'll get 4.8-4.9 volt for 5 volt ,be more careful on this.

Good luck
Farshid